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dispersion force (dispersion interaction, London force) |
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The most important of the intermolecular forces. The origin of the force is quite complex. Any molecule when in the neighbourhood of another can have a temporary dipole induced by the neighbour. These temporary dipoles can then ‘get into step’ and cause an attraction between the molecules. A dipole can even be induced in an individual atom; it is dispersion forces that hold the atoms of the noble gases together in their condensed phases. The magnitude of the dispersion force increases with increasing polarizability of the species, which roughly increases with the number of electrons. This explains why the boiling points of the noble gases and the alkanes (see the diagram) increase steadily with the size of the atom or molecule.
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| Other Terms : bidentate ligand | electronic structure (electronic configuration) | acoustics
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